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Redis ​

Introduction ​

Redis is an open-source, in-memory data structure store used as a database, cache, message broker, and streaming engine. It supports strings, hashes, lists, sets, sorted sets, streams, bitmaps, and HyperLogLogs, with optional persistence via RDB snapshots and AOF logs. Redis is widely used for caching, session storage, leaderboards, and pub/sub messaging, with horizontal scalability through Redis Cluster and high availability through Sentinel.

How to Install ​

Starting via Binary ​

Quick Start ​

bash
# dependencies
apt install pkgconf libsystemd-dev

# download source code
cd /usr/local/src/
#wget https://download.redis.io/redis-stable.tar.gz
#tar -xzvf redis-stable.tar.gz && cd redis-stable
wget https://download.redis.io/releases/redis-7.0.11.tar.gz
tar -xzvf redis-7.0.11.tar.gz && cd redis-7.0.11

# compile and install
make MALLOC=jemalloc USE_SYSTEMD=yes
make test
make PREFIX=/opt/redis-7.0.11/ install

# soft link
ln -svf /opt/redis-7.0.11 /opt/redis
cd /opt/redis

# start redis server
## 1. single mode
cp /usr/local/src/redis-7.0.11/redis.conf /opt/redis/redis.conf
/opt/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/redis.conf
## 2. fake cluster mode
mkdir -p /opt/redis/{7001..7003}
cp /usr/local/src/redis-7.0.11/redis.conf /opt/redis/7001/redis.conf && cp /usr/local/src/redis-7.0.11/redis.conf /opt/redis/7002/redis.conf && cp /usr/local/src/redis-7.0.11/redis.conf /opt/redis/7003/redis.conf
./bin/redis-server /opt/redis/7001/redis.conf --bind 127.0.0.1 --port 7001 --daemonize yes --pidfile ./redis.pid --logfile ./redis.log --dir /opt/redis/7001 --cluster-enabled yes
./bin/redis-server /opt/redis/7002/redis.conf --bind 127.0.0.1 --port 7002 --daemonize yes --pidfile ./redis.pid --logfile ./redis.log --dir /opt/redis/7002 --cluster-enabled yes
./bin/redis-server /opt/redis/7003/redis.conf --bind 127.0.0.1 --port 7003 --daemonize yes --pidfile ./redis.pid --logfile ./redis.log --dir /opt/redis/7003 --cluster-enabled yes
./bin/redis-cli --cluster create 127.0.0.1:7001 127.0.0.1:7002 127.0.0.1:7003 --cluster-replicas 0 --cluster-yes

Config and Boot ​

Config ​
bash
# single mode && cluster mode
cat > /opt/redis/redis.conf << "EOF"
bind 127.0.0.1 -::1
port 6379
pidfile ./redis.pid
logfile ./redis.log
dir /opt/redis
...
cluster-enabled yes   # only cluster mode config
EOF

# fake cluster mode
# node1: /opt/redis/7001/redis.conf
port 7001
pidfile ./7001/redis.pid
logfile ./7001/redis.log
dir /opt/redis/7001
# node2: /opt/redis/7002/redis.conf
port 7002
pidfile ./7002/redis.pid
logfile ./7002/redis.log
dir /opt/redis/7002
# node3: /opt/redis/7003/redis.conf
port 7003
pidfile ./7003/redis.pid
logfile ./7003/redis.log
dir /opt/redis/7003
EOF
Boot(systemd) ​
bash
cat > /etc/systemd/system/redis.service << "EOF"
[Unit]
Description=Redis data structure server
Documentation=https://redis.io/documentation
Wants=network-online.target
After=network-online.target

[Service]
# single mode && cluster mode
ExecStart=/opt/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/redis.conf --supervised systemd --daemonize no
# fake cluster mode
# ExecStart=/opt/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/7001/redis.conf --supervised systemd --daemonize no
# ExecStart=/opt/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/7002/redis.conf --supervised systemd --daemonize no
# ExecStart=/opt/redis/bin/redis-server /opt/redis/7003/redis.conf --supervised systemd --daemonize no
LimitNOFILE=655350
LimitNPROC=65535
NoNewPrivileges=yes
#PrivateTmp=yes
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=10s
Type=notify
TimeoutStartSec=infinity
TimeoutStopSec=infinity
UMask=0077
User=redis
Group=redis
WorkingDirectory=/opt/redis

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start redis.service
systemctl enable redis.service

Verify ​

Redis Command

Troubleshooting ​

bash
# ../deps/jemalloc/lib/libjemalloc.a: No such file or directory
apt install libjemalloc-dev

# server.h:57:10: fatal error: systemd/sd-daemon.h: No such file or directory
apt install libsystemd-dev

Starting via Docker ​

bash
# Standlone
docker run --rm --name redis \
  -e REDIS_PASSWORD=redis_password \
  -p 6379:6379 \
  -v /docker-volume/data:/data \
  -d redis

# Cluster
docker run --rm --name redis-cluster \
  -e ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=yes \
  -d bitnami/redis-cluster

Starting via Kubernetes ​

bash
# add and update repo
helm repo add bitnami https://charts.bitnami.com/bitnami
helm update

# get charts package
# single mode
helm pull bitnami/redis --untar
# cluster mode
helm pull bitnami/redis-cluster --untar

# configure and run
vim values.yaml
global:
  storageClass: "xxx"
  redis:
    password: "xxx"
# single mode config
architecture: standalone
master:
  disableCommands:
    - FLUSHDB
    - FLUSHALL
    - CONFIG
    - SHUTDOWN
    - KEYS
# cluster mode config
cluster:
  nodes: 3
  replicas: 0
vim templates/configmap.yaml
data:
  redis-default.conf: |-
    rename-command FLUSHALL ""
    rename-command FLUSHDB  ""
    rename-command CONFIG   ""
    rename-command SHUTDOWN ""
    rename-command KEYS     ""
...

# install
helm -n middleware install redis .
helm -n middleware install redis-cluster .

# verify
kubectl -n middleware get secret uat-redis-cluster -o jsonpath="{.data.redis-password}" | base64 -d
kubectl -n middleware get service |grep redis

Configuration Reference ​

/opt/redis/redis.conf

bash
################################## MODULES #####################################
# loadmodule /path/to/my_module.so

################################## NETWORK #####################################
bind 127.0.0.1 -::1
protected-mode yes
port 6379
# Half-open connection queue size, takes the minimum of this and the OS configuration
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 300

################################# TLS/SSL #####################################

################################# GENERAL #####################################
daemonize yes
pidfile ./redis.pid
loglevel notice
logfile ./redis.log
databases 16
always-show-logo no
set-proc-title yes
proc-title-template "{title} {listen-addr} {server-mode}"

################################ SNAPSHOTTING  ################################
# save <seconds> <changes> [<seconds> <changes> ...]
# save ""
save 3600 1 300 100 60 10000
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
rdbcompression yes
rdbchecksum yes
dbfilename dump.rdb
rdb-del-sync-files no
dir /opt/redis

################################# REPLICATION #################################
# replicaof <masterip> <masterport>
# masterauth <master-password>
replica-serve-stale-data yes
replica-read-only yes
repl-diskless-sync no
repl-diskless-sync-delay 5
repl-diskless-sync-max-replicas 0
repl-diskless-load disabled
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
replica-priority 100

############################### KEYS TRACKING #################################

################################## SECURITY ###################################
acllog-max-len 128
# aclfile /etc/redis/users.acl
# Password setting, compatible with Redis 6 and above
requirepass foobared
# Command renaming (DEPRECATED)
rename-command FLUSHALL ""
rename-command FLUSHDB  ""
rename-command CONFIG   ""
rename-command SHUTDOWN ""
rename-command KEYS     ""

################################### CLIENTS ####################################
# maxclients 10000

############################## MEMORY MANAGEMENT ################################
# maxmemory <bytes>
# maxmemory-policy noeviction

############################# LAZY FREEING ####################################
lazyfree-lazy-eviction no
lazyfree-lazy-expire no
lazyfree-lazy-server-del no
replica-lazy-flush no
lazyfree-lazy-user-del no
lazyfree-lazy-user-flush no

################################ THREADED I/O #################################
# io-threads 4

############################ KERNEL OOM CONTROL ##############################
oom-score-adj no
oom-score-adj-values 0 200 800

#################### KERNEL transparent hugepage CONTROL ######################
disable-thp yes

############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################
appendonly yes
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
appenddirname "appendonlydir"
# appendfsync always/everysec/no
appendfsync everysec
# Whether to sync during AOF rewrite
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
# Rewrite trigger mechanism
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
# Behavior on AOF load error: log and continue / abort
aof-load-truncated yes
aof-use-rdb-preamble yes
aof-timestamp-enabled no

################################ SHUTDOWN #####################################
# shutdown-timeout 10

################ NON-DETERMINISTIC LONG BLOCKING COMMANDS #####################
# lua-time-limit 5000
# busy-reply-threshold 5000

################################ REDIS CLUSTER  ###############################
cluster-enabled yes
# cluster-config-file nodes-6379.conf
cluster-node-timeout 15000
# cluster-port 0

########################## CLUSTER DOCKER/NAT support  ########################
# cluster-announce-ip 10.1.1.5
# cluster-announce-tls-port 6379
# cluster-announce-port 0
# cluster-announce-bus-port 6380

################################## SLOW LOG ###################################
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
slowlog-max-len 128

################################ LATENCY MONITOR ##############################
latency-monitor-threshold 0

################################ LATENCY TRACKING ##############################
# latency-tracking yes
# latency-tracking-info-percentiles 50 99 99.9

############################# EVENT NOTIFICATION ##############################
notify-keyspace-events ""

############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64
list-max-ziplist-size -2
list-compress-depth 0
set-max-intset-entries 512
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64
hll-sparse-max-bytes 3000
stream-node-max-bytes 4096
stream-node-max-entries 100
activerehashing yes
client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit replica 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
hz 10
dynamic-hz yes
# Whether AOF file rewrite incremental fsync strategy is enabled
aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
# Whether RDB incremental fsync on auto-trigger is enabled
rdb-save-incremental-fsync yes

########################### ACTIVE DEFRAGMENTATION #######################
jemalloc-bg-thread yes

Reference:

  1. Official Website
  2. Repository
  3. Redis Download Releases
  4. Redis Cluster Solutions

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